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Which one of the following, if true, most strongly strengthens the argument?

  1. If a rival theory is proposed

  2. If a potential oversight in the analysis is identified

  3. If historical examples support the argument

  4. If the argument aligns with common beliefs

The correct answer is: If the argument aligns with common beliefs

The correct answer is D because if the argument aligns with common beliefs, it is more likely to be accepted and considered valid by a larger audience. When an argument resonates with common beliefs or societal norms, it tends to be more convincing and persuasive. This aligns with the idea that people are more likely to accept and support arguments that align with what they already believe or perceive to be true. This strengthens the argument by suggesting that it is in line with what is generally accepted by the majority. On the other hand, choices A, B, and C do not directly relate to the strength of the argument in the same way that aligning with common beliefs does. These choices do not inherently provide a strong basis for supporting the argument in question.